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Cake day: June 13th, 2023

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  • It confirms that she was born in Germany, lived there for the first years of her life before fleeing Nazi persecution, and had German citizenship until it was revoked by the Nazis. “She was a German who had her citizenship revoked by the Nazis at the time of her death” and “she wasn’t German” aren’t compatible without accepting the Nazi definition of who was and wasn’t a German citizen. The Holocaust was carried out on Germany’s citizens (in addition to those of other nations), even if they denied that these people were citizens.

    In the current political climate I feel this is a very important distinction to make.


  • Frank was born in Frankfurt, Germany, in 1929. In 1934, when she was four-and-a-half, Frank and her family moved to Amsterdam in the Netherlands after Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party gained control over Germany. By May 1940, the family was trapped in Amsterdam by the German occupation of the Netherlands. Frank lost her German citizenship in 1941 and became stateless.

    Did we read the same article? How do Nazis revoke citizenship from someone who wasn’t a citizen? She was still German born and would have had the right to legal recognition of her status as a German citizen had she survived. The only sense in which she wasn’t German is that the Nazi government in power at the time of her death didn’t consider her a citizen (or human being), but that’s a pretty poor basis to say she wasn’t German.



  • If your passport has the gender designation X, or if you have changed your gender, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs advises contacting the American embassy before traveling for guidance on how to proceed.

    Meanwhile in Finland, the advisory notes that if the gender on an applicant’s passport differs from the gender confirmed at birth, U.S. authorities may deny entry. It’s recommended to check the entry requirements with U.S. authorities in advance.




  • The report found that the 36 major fossil fuel companies, including Saudi Aramco, Coal India, ExxonMobil, Shell and numerous Chinese companies, produced coal, oil and gas responsible for more than 20bn tonnes of CO2 emissions in 2023.

    [ . . . ]

    The 36 companies are dominated by state-owned enterprises, of which there are 25. Ten of these are in China, the world’s biggest polluting country. Coal was the source of 41% of the emissions counted in 2023, oil 32%, gas 23% and cement 4%.

    Based on the inclusion of coal and gas, it sounds like this was measuring things burned for energy. I can’t imagine they were going for lifetime emissions of all products if coal is the clear leader (is that globally or for China? The sentence structure is ambiguous to me).